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The reading passage mentions three reasons to explain why a turtle excluder device cannot successfully protect sea turtles from being caught by shrimp fishing boats, all of which are challenged in the lecture.
To start with, the reading argues that since turtles rarely get trapped, the cost of losing shrimp everyday is too high compared to the chance of saving one turtle. However, the professor contends that thousands of shrimp boats operating off the southern coast are able to catch thousands of turtles every year. Since the population of some endangered sea turtles are already too small, losing such a large number of them is dangerous. Therefore, shrimpers should consider the influence of shrimp industry on the sea turtle population as a whole instead of individual cost.
Moreover, the reading suggests that alternative methods such as shorting the time limit that shrimp boats can keep their nets underwater are more effective than TEDs. On the contrary, the professor holds that shortening the time limit is not practical since governmental patrol boats cannot control the time of all shrimp boats. In comparison, the use of TEDs is much easier because officials only need to make sure all shrimp boats have TEDs on their nets when leaving port.
Last, according to the reading passage, TEDs are not effective for larger sea turtles due to the standard size. However, the professor disagrees, stating that it is not a big problem to create larger TEDs without affecting their functions. Once the design of TEDs are modified and larger ones are produced, larger species of sea turtles can be protected.