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The reading passage introduces three theories that could explain why Russian submarine crew heard strange sounds during 1960s to 1980s. The speaker in the listening, however, believes none of the three reasons mentioned in the reading is convincing. Instead, the speaker indicates that people still do not know what caused the odd sounds.
To begin with, the speaker points out orcas live near the surface of the water. The submarines, in contrast, dived deep in the ocean. Accordingly, submarine crew were not likely to hear the whale sounds from somewhere near the ocean surface. Plus, once orcas were nearby, they would have been detected by sonar. The speaker’s statement, therefore, is a sharp contrast to the point made in the reading claiming that whales’ courtship caused the quackers.
Additionally, the speaker further explains that the squid hypothesis fails to take the timeline people detected odd sounds into account. Submarines first heard quackers sound in the 1960s. The strange sounds, however, disappeared by the 1980s. Now that squids lived in the areas where submarines patrolled and will continue to live there, it is not possible that sounds suddenly began and then vanished after two decades for unknown reasons. What the speaker says, undoubtedly, contradicts the point made in the reading maintaining that the sounds were caused by squids.
Finally, the speaker suggests that sounds moved around and changed direction very quickly. Submarines could not move or change directions at the same pace. Besides, quackers sounds were different from engine noise of submarines. Today people do not have advanced technologies to make submarines with high speed and silent engines. The reading, in contrast, indicates that the sounds were secret submarines of other countries. The speaker, obviously, refutes the author in this way.
