托福考试面对写作题目同学们应该怎么办，下面新东方曲伟老师给大家讲讲他的独门秘籍。
第一步：审题
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The government should support the scientific research even it has no practical use.
题目要求考生讨论政府是否应该支持非实用科研。由标志词should 可知，本题属于价值判断类题目。对于这类题目，可以优先选择利弊分析法解题。本题可以从经济利益、社会因素、未来发展和可操作性方面进行讨论， 比如可以思考支持"非实用科研"会造成哪些经济损失或带来哪些经济利益、对社会和科学发展有怎样的影响、会面临怎样的现实问题等。
为了更清楚地展示分析结果，笔者将两者间的利弊对比列在了下面的表格中。在考试时考生也可以用类似方法将其列在草稿纸上，写作时思路会更加清晰。
第二步 写作
1、首段
引子：在"现象化、背景化、调查化"三种方法中，本段可以选取现象化的方式展开引子，目前，中国政府每年都在增加对科研的投入。
点题：可以用不同的语言重述题目----“而非实用科研是否应该得到政府的政治支持，却成为一个合理的问题。”
观点和铺垫：本段笔者尝试将观点和铺垫合为一句来表述，点明自己的观点， 并简单提及下文内容——"我个人认为，所谓的非实用科学会给投资者带来潜在的回报，但支持这些研究对招募科学家也会有良好的影响。”
首段用英文表述如下：
(引子)At present, the Chinese government has been increasing investment in scientific research annually. (点题)However, it is a legitimate question whether or not impractical scientific research should receive financial support from the government. (观点和铺垫) Personally, I believe the so-called impractical science has potential reward for investors, and supporting it also has a beneficial effect on the overall recruitment of scientists.
2、正文段1
主题句：可以简洁、清晰地提出第一分论点----“首先，政府应该为非实用科学的潜在好处而进行投资。”
扩展句：在原因、推论、解释、对比四种方法中，本段可以尝试从原因分析角度对主题句进行论证——"很多科学研究开始都不盈利，但最后却有很好的回报。”
案例和细节： 飞机的发明。20世纪初，莱特兄弟设计了第一架飞机。当时，很多人认为莱特兄弟的实验是毫无意义的，因为他们不相信这样一只“呆鸟”能对社会有所帮助。现在，全世界都受益于莱特兄弟的发明。飞机不仅成为重要的交通工具，也是一种至关重要的军事武器。例子中提供了时间、人物、飞机绰号以及事件结果等诸多细节，使得论据非常生动可信。
逻辑包装：重申段落主旨，并继续加强案例说服力----“仅仅因为一项研究在当时看起来不实用，就不进行投资，这是很愚蠢的。因此，考虑到潜在的回报和利益，对政府而言，投资非实用科研非常值得尝试。“
正文段1用英文表述如下：
(主题句) First, the government should invest in impractical science for its potential benefits.(扩展句) Many scientific researches have had a non-profitable beginning, but a rewarding ending. (案例和细节)The best example to illustrate this is the invention of airplane. The Wright brothers designed the first airplane in the early 20th century. At the time, most people viewed the brothers' experiment as meaningless since they did not believe such a "rigid bird" could possibly be of benefit to society. Today the whole world benefits greatly from the Wright brothers' invention. The airplane has become not only an important transportation device, but also a vital military weapon. (逻辑包装) It is foolish to ignore investment in research simply because it seems impractical at the time. Accordingly, considering the potential rewards and benefits, it is a worthy attempt for the government to invest on impractical research.
3、正文段2
此段的结构和正文段1类似，但需要站在不同角度思考一个分论点。权衡之下，我们确定以下的分论点-----“投资非实用科研可以进一步发展我国的科研技术。”
以下是参考英文文段：
(主题句)Secondly, the budget for impractical scientific research can further develop scientific research in our country. (扩展句)With the financial investment, the government can improve its reputation and attract talented scientists from all over the world. (案例和细节)For instance, the U.S. government usually spends more than 2.3 billion dollars on impractical research each year, and has an excellent high reputation for valuing all scientific researches. Many scientists from abroad settle down in America because of this, for they believe they can have personal development in the United States. According to a survey on the Internet, more than 30 percent of scientific discoveries in America can be attributed to endeavors made by Chinese and Indian scientists. (逻辑包装) If our country is increasingly devoted to impractical scientific research, we too can attract the best talents from all over the world.
4、让步段
让步句：可以承认自身观点的缺陷，也可以指出对方观点的可取之处。此处笔者选择承认自身观点缺陷——"诚然，非实用科研的经费支出会给人们带来一些经济负担。”
让步论证：为让步句的合理性提出合理证明。在某种意义上，它是一种高风险的投资。“
转折句：否定让步，强化己方观点。本句有四种写作方法，即己方问题可解、双方优势共享、自身优劣对比、行为后果权衡。这里可以采用自身优劣对比的方法，说明政府对科技“高风险的投资“虽有缺陷，但意义更大----”不过，这种投资还是值得的。“
转折论证：此句支持和加强转折句。进一步说明转折句的合理性，并重申段落主旨-----“由于有时能得到非常高的回报，我们的政府应该承担投资的风险。“
让步段用英文表述如下：
(让步句)Admittedly, the expenditure on impractical research will bring some financial burden to the people. (让步论证)In a sense, it is a high-risk investment. (转折句) Nevertheless, this investment is still worthwhile. (转折论证) It is because the reward sometimes is so great that our government should be willing to take the risk of investment.
5、结尾段
结尾段主要的作用是重申观点-----“总之，考虑到巨大的潜在利益和科研的进一步发展，政府确实应该投资非实用科研。“
结尾段用英文表述如下：
In conclusion, considering the huge potential benefits and further development of scientific research, the government indeed should invest in impractical scientific research.
以上，就是本篇独立写作从审题到写作的分步解析。本文在开头段运用了“一引二扣三观四铺”的经典方式，中间两个主题段的论证中综合使用了原因、举例等论证方法，再结合适当的让步逻辑，便形成了一篇中心切题、论证丰富、说理清晰的文章。希望同学们在练习中能学以致用，举一反三，使这些方法服务于自己的写作。
作者简介：
曲伟，企业管理硕士，2016年赴英国伦敦International House访学，2015年荣获新东方校级演讲师称号，5年北美考试教学经验培养出许多托福写作高分以及新SAT写作全满分(8/8/8)的学生。在教学中，不走捷径，带领学生踏踏实实地打造写作“硬实力”，才是使学生进步，实现高分的不二法门。
编辑推荐：
(编辑：秦洁)
